Summaries
1. The Effects of Escape from Self and Interpersonal Relationship on the Pathological Use of Internet Games Kwon, Jung-Hye, Chung-Suk Chung, and Jung Lee. “The Effects of Escape from Self and Interpersonal Relationship on the Pathological Use of Internet Games.” Community Mental Health Journal 47, no. 1 (February 1, 2011): 113–21. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10597-009-9236-1.
Notes
The results of the study found a correlation with addiction and other traits such as negative mood, Escape from self, and Real-Ideal Self Discrepancy, as well as a negative correlation between peer relationships, parental relationship and supervision. The study found that students with weaker social ties, and stronger negative feeling towards themselves, turn towards video games as a form of escape.
The findings present some increased understanding of Internet addiction, as well and some implications on how to treat it, by understanding the negative views students have of their self and their life lead to escapism, and with this knowledge we can focus on students' mental health and personal coping skills.
The study can be utilized in the next step of development to help prevent students from developing these harmful internet addictions.
Keywords
• Internet addiction
• Pathological internet use
• Escape from self
• Adolescence
Conclusion
This was an interesting article that went into why people really form addictions. Social ties play a lot into when people feel the need/ form addictions. This goes beyond just video game addictions as other articles I read go into further detail. The parts I found the most useful was the implications on solutions. Understanding what people are feeling is the first step, and if we worked on people's connections in real life, it helps stop these addictions before they start.
2. The need to belong: Desire for interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human motivation
Baumeister, Roy F., and Mark R. Leary. “The Need to Belong: Desire for Interpersonal Attachments as a Fundamental Human Motivation.” Psychological Bulletin 117, no. 3 (May 1995): 497–529. http://dx.doi.org.aurarialibrary.idm.oclc.org/10.1037/0033-2909.117.3.497.
Baumeister, Roy F., and Mark R. Leary. “The Need to Belong: Desire for Interpersonal Attachments as a Fundamental Human Motivation.” Psychological Bulletin 117, no. 3 (May 1995): 497–529. http://dx.doi.org.aurarialibrary.idm.oclc.org/10.1037/0033-2909.117.3.497.
3. A qualitative investigation of problem gambling as an escape‐based coping strategy
Wood, Richard T. A., and Mark D. Griffiths. “A Qualitative Investigation of Problem Gambling as an Escape-Based Coping Strategy.” Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice 80, no. 1 (2007): 107–25. https://doi.org/10.1348/147608306X107881.
Wood, Richard T. A., and Mark D. Griffiths. “A Qualitative Investigation of Problem Gambling as an Escape-Based Coping Strategy.” Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice 80, no. 1 (2007): 107–25. https://doi.org/10.1348/147608306X107881.
Notes
human beings are fundamentally and pervasively motivated by a need to belong, that is, by a strong desire to form and maintain enduring interpersonal attachments. People seek frequent, affectively positive interactions within the context of long-term, caring relationships.
Understanding how belongingness affects human psychology as a need has implications for the treatment of emotional and behavioral problems.
“A great deal of people's psychological difficulties reflects emotional and behavioral reactions to perceived threats to social bonds. As has been shown, many of the emotional problems for which people seek professional help (anxiety, depression, grief, loneliness, relationship problems, and the like) result from people's failure to meet their belongingness needs.”
Many aspects of human culture are directly and functionally linked to enabling people to satisfy the psychological need to belong. If this is correct, then some historical and sociological changes in the structures of society should be linked to changes in the bases for belongingness.
Keywords
• Interpersonal Interaction
• Motivation
• Needs
• Theories
• Belonging
Conclusion
This article focuses on the concept of "belongingness" and how it is a core part of what motivates us as humans. This concept is greatly important for potential design problems, as people will be drawn towards a solution that helps satisfy that need to belong. I want to explore the culture of online communities and this piece in important for that whole picture.
3. A qualitative investigation of problem gambling as an escape‐based coping strategy
Wood, Richard T. A., and Mark D. Griffiths. “A Qualitative Investigation of Problem Gambling as an Escape-Based Coping Strategy.” Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice 80, no. 1 (2007): 107–25. https://doi.org/10.1348/147608306X107881.
Wood, Richard T. A., and Mark D. Griffiths. “A Qualitative Investigation of Problem Gambling as an Escape-Based Coping Strategy.” Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice 80, no. 1 (2007): 107–25. https://doi.org/10.1348/147608306X107881.
Notes
Escape was the prime characteristic of the gambling experience that facilitated the continuation of problem gambling among the interviewed participants. In relation to these findings, the implications for prevention, intervention, treatment and future research are discussed.
Keywords
• physiology
• Impulsive Behavior
• Gambling - psychology
• Motivation
• Adolescent
• Internal-External Control
• Behavior
• Addictive - psychology
Conclusion
This article was a little outside my initial scope as it goes into more traditional gambling. However, it still has implication about the mental state for people who form addictions, as this piece gets more into why people look into gambling. It all comes down as a form of escape, and through understanding why people are pushed to this more extreme, I can look into solutions that address the core issue of people looking for escape.
4. Beyer, Jessica L. Expect Us: Online Communities and Political Mobilization. Expect Us. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://oxford.universitypressscholarship.com/view/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199330751.001.0001/acprof-9780199330751.
Notes
Expect Us argues that key structural features about the birthplaces of the four communities shaped the type of political behavior that emerged from each. The book argues that the likelihood of political mobilization rises when a site provides high levels of anonymity, low levels of formal regulation, and minimal access to small-group interaction. Once these factors are present, the nature of the communities themselves—their values and emergent norms of behavior—then appears to influence whether there is a conflict between the dominant community norms and offline legal and behavioral norms.
Keywords
• online community
• anonymity
• regulation
• digital rights
• information politics
• WikiLeaks
• Anonymous
• The Pirate Bay
• World of Warcraft
• IGN.com
Conclusion
5. Teichmann, Karin, Nicola E. Stokburger‐Sauer, Andreas Plank, and Andreas Strobl. “Motivational Drivers of Content Contribution to Company- Versus Consumer-Hosted Online Communities.” Psychology & Marketing 32, no. 3 (2015): 341–55. https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.20783.
Notes
This research investigates the effect of the type of community host (consumer‐hosted versus company‐hosted communities) in the relationship between motivational drivers and content contribution to online communities. To encourage members’ contribution, community managers should seek to attract opinion leaders, provide room for self‐presentation, and enhance members’ feelings of pleasure and comfort.
Keywords
• VIRTUAL COMMUNITY
• PSYCHOLOGY
• ENGAGEMENT
• CUSTOMER VALUE
• BRAND COMMUNITY
• Social networks
Conclusion
6. Matzat, Uwe. “Reducing Problems of Sociability in Online Communities: Integrating Online Communication With Offline Interaction:” American Behavioral Scientist, February 18, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764209356249.
Notes
This article examines whether a mixture of virtual and real-life interaction—in contrast to purely virtual interaction—among some members of knowledge-sharing online communities reduces the prevalence of problems that the whole community faces.
Keywords
• sociability
• trust
• free riding
• embeddedness
• social networks
• e-learning
• blended communities
• online community
• knowledge sharing
Conclusion
7. Bateman, Patrick J., Peter H. Gray, and Brian S. Butler. “Research Note: The Impact of Community Commitment on Participation in Online Communities.” Information Systems Research 22, no. 4 (2011): 841–54.
Notes
Online communities are used widely as forms of interaction, but their success depends on users willingness to invest time and energy to the community. Drawing on typologies of organizational commitment, we argue that members may have psychological bonds to a particular online community based on (a) need, (b) affect, and/or (c) obligation.
Keywords
• online behavior
• social technologies
• online communities
• commitment
• social media
• discussion groups
• Community structure
• Communities
• Information storage and retrieval systems
• Psychology
• Community participation
• Attachment behavior
• Emotional attachments
Conclusion
8. Sun, Na, Patrick Pei-Luen Rau, and Liang Ma. “Understanding Lurkers in Online Communities: A Literature Review.” Computers in Human Behavior 38 (September 1, 2014): 110–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.05.022.
Notes
lurkers are a special group of website users who regularly login to online communities but seldom post. This study aims to provide an overall understanding of lurkers by explaining the definition of lurkers, discussing the reasons for lurking and providing suggestions on de-lurking. four types of lurking reasons are identified: environmental influence, personal preference, individual-group relationship and security consideration.
Keywords
• Lurker
• Online community
• Motivational factor
• Lurking reason
• De-lurking strategy
Conclusion
This Journal provides interesting information on the concept of "Lurkers", people in online communities who observe rather then engage. This information is valuable to understand why people my choose to observe rather then engage, and what can be done to encourage more engagement.
9. Ren, Yuqing, Robert Kraut, and Sara Kiesler. “Applying Common Identity and Bond Theory to Design of Online Communities:” Organization Studies, June 30, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1177/0170840607076007.
Notes
Community design affects how people can interact, the information they receive about one another and the community, and how they can participate in community activities. We argue that the constraints and opportunities inherent in online community design influence how people become attached to the community and whether they are willing to expend effort on its behalf.
Keywords
• online community
• member attachment
• common identity
• common bond
• design
Conclusion
10. Keipi, Teo, Matti Näsi, Atte Oksanen, and Pekka Räsänen. Online Hate and Harmful Content : Cross-National Perspectives. Vol. 1 Edition. Routledge Advances in Sociology. New York: Routledge, 2017. http://aurarialibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=nlebk&AN=1435550.
Notes
Keywords
• Online hate speech
• Social interaction
• Online identities
• Online social networks
Conclusion
Name a general topic area.
I started looking into escapism, which provided some insight into why people engage into certain types of media, which also led to my current research. I am currently looking into engagement in online communities as well as how story telling can be used to push viewers to action.
Refine the general topic area into one or two concise, descriptive words.
Online Communities
Write a specific description of the topic area.
Online communities are how many people connect with the world, especially the younger generation. These communities have very different cultures and dynamics, with unique challenges and ways of interacting.
Write out the specific problem in the topic you are interested in solving.
With a different type of culture in online communities brings with it unique problems. One of these problems is not knowing everyone you are interacting with. One issue in online communities is the presence of bigotry that can begin as a joke, then get to the point where it festers in online spaces. I want to see how big an issue toxic ideology is in online spaces, and create a campaign to call attention to the issue, and help viewers spot the issue in their own online spaces before it can take hold.
Combine the topic and the problem into a concise sentence or two.
Online communities are how younger people connect with the world. These communities can bring people together, but not everyone has good intentions. Online communities can be home to toxic people and ideologies. By bringing attention to this issue, people can learn to spot these warning signs and keep toxic individuals out of their own communities.
Fine-tune your topic’s focus by introducing how you believe design can be used to solve the problem.
I will create attention through the issue by making a call to action campaign that will include an informational video about the issue, and branded material to go with it.